The Progressive Amendments
Amendment XVI.
The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.
The sixteenth amendment to the Constitution of
the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the
Sixty-first Congress on the 12th of July, 1909,
and was declared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated the 25th
of February, 1913, to have been
ratified by 36 of the 48 States.
1. The 16th
amendment to the US Constitution effectively . . .
a)
permits a federal tax on
personal incomes
b)
permits direct federal taxes
on individuals
c)
grants Congress a new and
lucrative source of revenue
d)
all of the above
2. The grammatical subject of
a sentence is the word for the person, place, or thing that is doing the
“action” of the verb. The subject of
the 16th amendment is . . .
a)
“power”
b)
“The Congress”
c)
“taxes”
d)
“shall have”
3. A verb is a word denoting
an action (or a state of being). The
verb of the 16th amendment is . . .
a)
“power”
b)
“The Congress”
c)
“taxes”
d)
“shall have”
4. The word “derive” in the
16th amendment probably means . . .
a)
to track down
b)
to come from
c)
to take back
d)
to reduce or lesson
5. The word “apportionment”
in the 16th amendment probably means . . .
a)
a time or place for a meeting
b)
an increase or decrease in
earnings
c)
a division into shares or
equal shares
d)
a popular election or
plebiscite
6. The word “enumeration” in the
16th amendment probably means . . .
a)
counting
b)
labeling
c)
division
d)
addition
Amendment [XVII.]
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures.
When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct.
This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the
election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the
Constitution.
The seventeenth amendment to the Constitution of
the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the
Sixty-second Congress on the 13th of May, 1912,
and was declared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated the 31st
of May, 1913, to have been ratified
by the legislatures of 36 of the 48 States.
7. The 17th amendment to the US Constitution
effectively . . .
a) changes the number of
senators from each state
b) allows the electoral college
to choose senators
c)
allows citizens to vote directly for their senators
d) identifies the most numerous
branch of the State legislatures
8. The word “composed” in the 17th amendment probably
means . . .
a) written down
b) calm & cool
c)
made up of
d) not rotten
9. The word “requisite” in the 17th amendment probably
means . . .
a) needed
b) requested
c)
reversed
d) suggested
10. The best replacement for the word “branch” in the 17th
amendment probably would be . . .
a) limb
b) bough
c)
executive
d) chamber
11. The “executive authority” referred to in the 17th
amendment is . . .
a) the legislature
b) the judiciary
c)
the senate
d) the governor
12. The word “construed” in the 17th amendment probably
means . . .
a) confused
b) interrupted
c)
interposed
d) interpreted
Amendment [XVIII].
Section 1. After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.
Section. 2. The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Section. 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it
shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the
legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within
seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the
Congress.
The eighteenth amendment to the Constitution of
the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the
Sixty-fifth Congress, on the 18th of December, 1917, and was declared, in a
proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated the 29th of January, 1919, to
have been ratified by the legislatures of 36 of the 48 States.
13. The 18th
amendment to the US Constitution effectively . . .
a)
forbids the manufacture of
alcoholic beverages
b)
prohibits the marketing of
intoxicating liquors
c)
outlaws the transport of
beer, wine, and spirits
d)
all of the above.
14. The word “thereof” as it
is used FIRST in the 18th amendment refers back to the word . . .
a)
“ratification”
b)
“liquors”
c)
“article”
d)
“transportation”
15. The word
“thereof” as it is used THIRD in the 18th amendment refers back to .
. .
a)
“ territory”
b)
“liquors”
c)
“United States”
d)
“importation”
16. The word “hereof” as it
is used n the 18th amendment refers to . . .
a)
“the 18th
amendment”
b)
“intoxicating liquors”
c)
“The US Constitution”
d)
“the United States”
Amendment [XIX].
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.
Congress shall have power to enforce this article by
appropriate legislation.
The nineteenth amendment to the Constitution of
the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the
Sixty-sixth Congress, on the 4th of June, 1919,
and was declared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated the 26th
of August, 1920, to have been
ratified by the legislatures of 36 of the 48 States.
17. The 19th
amendment to the US Constitution effectively . . .
a)
grants voting rights to
female citizens
b)
extends suffrage to adult
women
c)
extends the franchise to
women
d)
all of the above
Amendment [XX.]
Section 1. The terms of the
President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and
the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of
the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been
ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin.
Section. 2. The Congress
shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at
noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different
day.
Section. 3. If, at the time
fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall
have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President
shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term,
or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President
elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the
Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor
a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as
President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such
person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have
qualified.
Section. 4. The Congress
may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom
the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of
choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of
the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right
of choice shall have devolved upon them.
Section. 5. Sections 1 and
2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October following the ratification of
this article.
Section. 6. This article
shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the
Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within
seven years from the date of its submission.
Proposal and Ratification
The twentieth amendment to the Constitution was
proposed to the legislatures of the several states by the Seventy-Second
Congress, on the 2d day of March, 1932,
and was declared, in a proclamation by the Secretary of State, dated on the 6th
day of February, 1933, to have been
ratified by the legislatures of 36 of the 48 States.
18. Section 1 of the 20th
Amendment to the US Constitution effectively . . .
a)
reduces the “lame duck”
portion of a presidential term of office
b)
sets the Inauguration Day for
new presidents to January 20.
c)
Sets the starting date of a
new Congress to January 3
d)
All of the above
19. The word “fixed” as used
in Section 3 of the 20th amendment probably means . . .
a)
repaired
b)
set
c)
stuck
d)
troubled
20. The word “devolve” as
used in Section 4 of the 20th amendment probably means . . .
a)
twisted
b)
risen
c)
stepped
d)
fallen
Amendment [XXI.]
Section 1. The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed.
Section 2. The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.
Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it
shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by conventions in
the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from
the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.
The twenty-first amendment to the
Constitution was proposed to the several states by the Seventy-Second Congress,
on the 20th day of February, 1933,
and was declared, in a proclamation by the Secretary of State, dated on the 5th
day of December, 1933, to have been
ratified by 36 of the 48 States. The dates of ratification were: Michigan,
April 10, 1933; Wisconsin, April 25, 1933; Rhode Island, May 8, 1933; Wyoming,
May 25, 1933; New Jersey, June 1, 1933; Delaware, June 24, 1933; Indiana, June
26, 1933; Massachusetts, June 26, 1933; New York, June 27, 1933; Illinois, July
10, 1933; Iowa, July
21. Section 1 of the 21st
Amendment to the US Constitution effectively
. . .
a)
repeals the 18th
amendment
b)
repeals Prohibition
c)
allows states to legalize the
sale of alcoholic beverages
d)
all of the above
22. Section 2 of the 21st
amendment effectively . . .
a)
supports the right of states
to prohibit intoxicating beverages
b)
prohibits states or
territories from regulating beer and wine
c)
prohibits the use of
alcoholic beverages in state legislatures
d)
all of the above
The Progressive Era
(an abstract)
Directions:
Use the words at the bottom of the next
page to fill in the blanks
The Progressive Era is a period in US History that gets its ____________ from the Progressive Movement, which worked to protect American ____________by using government to prevent some of the worst excesses of Big Business. The Progressive Era was thus an era of ____________.
Huge
____________had grown very powerful in the years following the Civil War. The railroad companies, the
____________industry, and then the oil business sometimes appeared to be able
to dominate local and ____________governments.
They also had an enormous ____________on the national government.
____________scandals occurred at all levels.
Industry and
____________were causing drastic changes in the American landscape and
____________. New machines and new inventions ____________ the sewing machine,
the phonograph, and the electric light bulb were appearing every year.
Skyscrapers
were being built in ____________that were swelling with immigrants eager to
work at low paying jobs. Men, women,
and ____________worked in small, airless sweatshops or sprawling factories with
enormous smokestacks. Chinese and Irish workers continued to cut tunnels and
lay track to expand the railroad ____________.
Progressive reformers were mostly ____________and middle class. They felt ____________by both Big Business and by the threat of ____________from the working classes. Sometimes they campaigned with the workers to ____________the food industry and outlaw child labor. Sometimes they worked with ____________ organizations to support women’s suffrage or the prohibition of alcohol. (The ____________cause had the support of many mainstream churches.) They took the ____________. in campaigning for a variety of reform in state, local and national ____________. There were even some important businesses and businessmen that thought Progressive reforms would be ____________for business in the long run. Many important changes happened during the Progressive Era when different groups ____________to work together.
latter
government
good
cooperated
name
network
values
reform
|
white
threatened
radicalism cities
like children
steel
state
|
corruption
lead
influence
commerce
society
regulate
feminist
corporations
|