Transcription

Copying the Code for Protein Synthesis

The code for making proteins is protected by the double helix _______________ of the DNA ____________. Enzymes can _____________ DNA to expose the code for _______________ to mRNA in protein syntheses or when it is time for the DNA to ________________ itself.

molecule unzip structure replicate transcription

The DNA ______________ is held in the sequence of nucleotide ___________ . If the DNA molecule can be envisioned as a _________, the bases can be represented as the __________ . They are where the two strands connect and ____________ . There are ________ bases that can be found in __________ .

ladder code four rungs bases DNA disconnect

These bases are
	_____________ or “A” for short,
	_____________ or just “T”,
	______________ or “C”,
	and _______________ (G).

They each have a specific ______________ (and electromagnetic ___________) that forces them to ______________ together in a ____________way.

bond thymine shape adenine charge guanine cytosine specific

The bases are actually ____________ that are the information bearing parts in the DNA _____________ . Other important molecular parts of DNA are the deoxiribose ____________ molecules and the ____________________ groups. A ______________ is an assembly of a ____________, a sugar, and a phosphate. (The four nucleotide bases found in DNA are shown above.)

“mini molecules” sugar macromolecule base nucleotide phosphate

If a DNA molecule is “unzipped” for the purposes of protein _____________, the code will be ______________ from DNA to an ___________ molecule which is assembled following the only pattern permitted by the _____________ of bases. This type of RNA is also a very long chain, but consists of only a single ____________ . RNA is different from __________ in two other ways. There are other differences between the two _________ acids. The sugar in the RNA nucleotides is not deoxiribose, but ______________ . RNA does not contain the base, ______________. Instead it contains _____________ (U).

DNA nucleotide	RNA nucleotide

RNA nucleic synthesis sequence Uracil transcribed DNA strand Thymine ribose

Once the code is transcribed, the RNA can move out of the _____________ and bring its information to the _______________. That is why these long strands are known as ______________ (mRNA). A strand of mRNA can be very ____________ consisting of hundreds of thousands of __________________

ribosomes long nucleus nucleotides messenger

If the bottom row of this table were nucleotide bases on a DNA molecule, fill in the correct RNA nucleotide bases on the top row. (Remember, thymine is not found in RNA.)

mRNA
DNA	T	T	C	A	T	A	G	C	C	A	G

How many words in the English language containing the prefix (or stem) “trans” can you list?

How many words in the English language containing the stem “script” can you list?